Home Sustainable Forest Products. There is no universally accepted definition of illegal logging and associated trade. Good morning readers, we are here again at the National Judicial Institute, NJI, venue for Nigerias National Conference. African Mining presents a holistic view of the investable African Mining universe, its participants and service providers. Methods. Based on secondary research and illustrations from four oilrich geographical areas the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Angola, southern Chad, Southern Sudan. Get the latest news and analysis in the stock market today, including national and world stock market news, business news, financial news and more. Casino capitalism is a nickname for nailibelism. Probably more properly nickname would be financial corporatism. While the key idea of corporatism that political. Find the latest business news on Wall Street, jobs and the economy, the housing market, personal finance and money investments and much more on ABC News. After being taken down twice by Blogger within a single week, we got the message Its Time To Go. Gates of Vienna has moved to a new address. Strictly speaking, illegality is anything that occurs in violation of the legal framework of a country. However, over the past few years several countries have created definitions of illegal logging within public procurement policies and trade regulations see Table 5 Selected public procurement policies and Box 6 The U. S. Lacey Act, the EU Illegal Timber Regulation and the Australian Illegal Logging Prohibition below, including European Timber Regulation 2. Timber logged illegally under the laws of the country of origin. Legal timber must meet the following criteria legal rights to harvest taxes and fees related to the harvesting compliance with timber harvesting laws including forest management and biodiversity conservation laws respect for third parties legal rights and tenure and, compliance with relevant trade and customs laws. U. S. Lacey Act amended, 2. It is unlawful to trade, receive, or acquire plants taken, harvested, possessed, transported, sold or exported in violation of underlying laws in a foreign country or in the U. Archives/edgar/data/799235/000114036112050512/image5.jpg' alt='Nigeria Oil And Gas Concessions Map And Licenses Definition' title='Nigeria Oil And Gas Concessions Map And Licenses Definition' />S. The scope of laws is limited to plant protection laws, or laws to regulate plant theft taking plants from officially protected areas taking plants from an officially designated area taking plants without, or contrary to, required authorizations failure to pay appropriate taxes or fees associated with the plants harvest, transport, or trade laws governing export or transshipment. Australian Illegal Logging Prohibition 2. Illegal logging occurs when timber is stolen timber is harvested without the required approvals or in breach of a harvesting license or law timber is bought, sold, exported or imported and processed in breach of law andor, timber is harvested or trade is authorized through corrupt practices. Table 5 Selected Public Procurement Policies. Public procurement policies to address legality andor sustainability began to emerge in the early 2. Europe, but now also in Asia and Latin America. Most policies seek to ensure that products come from legal and sustainable sources. Many policies include step wise implementation approaches. Denmark. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Similar to UK Government definition. Policy requires a forest ownermanager to hold legal use rights to the forests b compliance with relevant laws, including forestry, environmental and labor laws c payment of taxes and royalties and d compliance with CITES. Requirements and Applicability Guidelines are voluntary, and aim to help public buyers in actively seeking to buy legal and sustainable timber. Product Scope Wood and paper based. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC. Alternative Instruments SGSs Timber Legality and Traceability Verification Smart. Woods Verification of Legal Compliance. FLEGT licenses where available. United Kingdom. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Timber and wood derived products that originate from forest that meet the following a forest ownermanager holds legal use rights to the forest b compliance by both the forest management organization and any contractors with local and national legal requirements including forest management, environment, labor and welfare, health and safety, other parties tenure and use rights, c payment of all relevant royalties and taxes, and d compliance with CITES requirements. The UK policy requires Legality and Sustainability or FLEGT licensing. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory for central government. Recommended to sub national governments. Product Scope Wood and paper based products. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC. Only PEFC endorsed schemes and labeled PEFC, and only SFI 7. Alternative Instruments Requires Legality and Sustainability, or FLEGT licensed wood. However, where a particular type of product or timber species is required and where there is no sustainable timber or FLEGT licensed timber or alternative available, timber that is verified to meet the UK government requirements for legality can be accepted. Only legality verification systems ensuring full legal compliance as delivered by the VLC definition will be accepted. France. Year Passed 2. Due to be reviewed in 2. Definition of Legality Does not include specific definition of legality, but requires compliance with CITES. Procurement mangers are required to refer to tools such as forest certification, ecolabels, or supplying countries to define which legislation is relevant. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory to central government. Recommended to sub national governments. Product Scope All wood and paper based products. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC, CSA, SFI, MTCS, LEI, Keurhout. Alternative Instruments Ecolabels processes involving third party verification. Mexico. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Wood of verified legal origin and in compliance with environmental regulations. Requirements and Applicability Central government. Cpe Use Of English Pdf. Product Scope Furniture and office supplies. SFM Certification Systems Third party verification systems registered with the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources. Alternative Instruments Third party verification systems registered with the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources. Netherlands. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Uses UK Government definition of legality, meaning products that originate from forest that meet the following a. CITES. Evidence of legality will be accepted only where sustainable wood is unavailable. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory to central government. Recommended to sub national governments. Product Scope Wood and paper based products. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC international, but excluding MTCS. Alternative Instruments FLEGT Licensed timber. Credible, documentary evidence. Evidence is assessed on a case by case basis, based on the Timber Procurement Assessment Commitment guidelines. Belgium. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Sustainability is the minimum requirement. Definition of sustainability includes compliance with relevant international, national andor regionallocal legislation and regulations related to legal rights to use the forests payment of taxes, fees and royalties compliance with forest management laws and regulations including CITES and, respect of indigenous and local tenure and use rights. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory to central government. Product Scope Solid wood products. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC Belgium and some PEFC certificates have been determined to meet sustainability requirements. Alternative Instruments Forest certified by an independent body, based on internationally recognized criteria. Legality, in itself, not enough as sustainability is the minimum requirement. Japan. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Timber harvested in compliance with the laws of the producing countries. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory to central government. Recommended to sub national governments. Product Scope Solid wood and wood based products. SFM Certification Systems FSC, PEFC, SFI, CSA, LEI, Sustainable Green Ecosystem Council. Alternative Instruments Wood industry associations code of conduct, and self verification mechanisms. New Zealand. Year Passed 2. Definition of Legality Timber or wood products from a forest that that has been legally harvested the entity that harvested the trees has legal rights to use the forest. Requirements and Applicability Mandatory to central government. Product Scope Paper and solid wood and wood based products. SFM Certification Systems ATFS, CSA, FSC, MTCS, PEFC, SFI. Alternative Instruments Step wise programs towards certification and legality verification systems. Third party certified ecolabels for office papers that contain at least 7. Germany. Year Passed 2.